Lest
18
Lesson – 2
Few Basics of English (v axzst +h dh dqN e wy ckrs a)
Sentences ¼okD;½
gj Hkk’kk e sa dqN Hkh dgus ;k fy[ku s ds fy, ‚kCnk sa ds lewgksa dk iz;ksx gk srk gSA ‚kCnksa dk og lewg ftles a fdlh ckr dk
Hkko iw.kZr% Li’V gk s] ml s okD; dgrs gSaA nwljs ‚kCnk sa esa ge dg ldrs gSa fd okD; os gSa ftul s l quus okys dk s iw.kZ l ans‛k dk
irk py ik;sA
In every language, there is a need of group of words to communicate. Such group of words that
communicate a complete message is called a sentence.
eku yhft, vkius eq÷kls iwNk “D;k vkWfQl tkvk sxs\”, eS aus mÙkj fn;k “ugha”. vki le÷k x;s fd eS a vkWfQl ugha tkÅ¡xkA
vkidk iz‛u “D;k vkWfQl tkvk sxs\” Hkh ,d okD; gS vkSj esjk mÙkj “ugh a” Hkh ,d okD; gSA ;s ckr vyx gS fd esjk okD;
flQ Z ,d ‚kCn l s cuk gS] dbZ ‚kCnks a l s ugh aA egRoi w.kZ ;g ugha fd okD; es a ‚kCn fdru s gSa] egRoiw.kZ ;g gS fd dgs x;s
okD; }kjk fn;k x;k l ans‛k i;kZIr gS ;k ughaA vxj vki /;ku l s lkspsa rks esj s dgus dk rkRi;Z Li’V Fkk fd “eS a vkWfQl
ugha tkÅ ¡xk” ] blfy, e sjk okD; iw.kZ o i;kZIr gSA
Sentence Types:
Classification 1
okD;ksa dks muds Hkko o vFkZ d s vk/kkj ij fuEufyf[kr 4 oxksZ a e sa oxhZd `r fd;k tkrk gS &
On the basis of their sense & meaning, sentences are classified in following 4 categories –
1. Assertive or Declarative Sentences (LohdkjkRed ;k dFkkRed okD;):
,sl s okD;ksa e sa dqN crk;k tkrk gS ;k fdlh ckr dk o.kZu gksrk gSA dksbZ Hkh ckr pkg s oks ,d rF; gks ;k ,d lkspA
Such sentences state a fact, opinion or idea.
mnkgj.k (Example):
1. Ayansh is my son. ¼v;k ¡‛k e sjk c sVk gSA½
2. Aman is not at home. ¼veu ?kj ij ugha gSA½
3. Arnavi doesn‟t go to school. ¼vjuoh Ldwy ugha tkrh gSA½
4. Mom scolds me. ¼eEeh th eq÷ks Mk¡Vrh gaSA½
Åij fn;s x;s lHkh okD;ks a esa dqN crk;k x;k gS vFkkZr~ fdlh ckr dk o.kZu gSA vke cksypky esa lcl s vf/kd tks okD;
iz;ksx fd;s tkrs gSa os blh oxZ ds gk srs gSaA
vkb,] vaxz st+h d s Basics dh Fkk sM+k vkSj tkudkjh ysaA bl pSIVj d s vUr e sa fn;s x; s NksVs&2 ‚kCnksa d s le wgksa
dks Hkh vPNh rjg ;kn dj yhft,A vkidks budk egRo vkus okys pSIVlZ dks le÷krs oDr eglwl gksxkA
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